Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the elderly, leading to cognitive decline and loss of daily functioning. Several factors contribute to its development.Aging is the most significant risk factor, with the likelihood of developing AD increasing dramatically after the age of 65. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as cardiovascular health, diet and physical activity have been linked to the disease's onset and progression.

Alzheimer's disease is a significant global public health concern that affects millions of individuals and their families.Recent estimates indicate that approximately 50 million people worldwide are living with various forms of dementia, with Alzheimer's disease representing 60-70% of these cases. This alarming statistic underscores the urgent need for effective prevention and treatment strategies on an international scale, as the prevalence of this debilitating condition continues to rise. Addressing this challenge is vital for improving the quality of life for those affected.

Recent advancements in the identification of biological markers have improved the early detection of Alzheimer's.Blood-based biomarkers, such as phosphorylated tau and amyloid-beta, are being researched for their potential to indicate the presence of Alzheimer's pathology. The latest diagnostic standards categorize these biomarkers into three groups, emphasizing the importance of integratingthem into clinical practice for accurate diagnosis. Current detection methods include neuropsychological assessments, imaging techniques like MRI and blood tests that analyze these biomarkers.

Preventive measures for Alzheimer's disease focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Regular physical exercise, a balanced diet rich in antioxidants, cognitive engagement and social interaction are all associated with a reduced risk of developing the disease. Managing cardiovascular health and controlling diabetes and hypertension are also critical in lowering Alzheimer's risk.

In conclusion, Alzheimer's disease poses significant challenges to individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. Understanding its causes, improving detection methods through biological markers and adopting preventive strategies are essential steps in addressing this growing public health issue.